[pahH[; Ky;yH
jd; tpRthrk;
xd;iwNa %yjdkhff; nfhd;L jd; [Ptpa fhyKOtJk; gy mdhij tpLjpfis
ntw;wpfukhf elj;jpatH [pahH[; Ky;yH. jd;nrhe;j NjitfSf;F$l Njt fuj;ijNa
vjpH Nehf;fpapUe;j [pahh;[; Ky;yH ,e;j ,Ugjhk; Ehw;whz;L tpRthrpfSf;F
xU rthyhf ,Uf;fpwhH. ,tH jd;Dila Njitf;Nfh my;yJ tpLjpapd; Njitf;Nfh xU
NghJk; kdpjid ek;gpajpy;iy.
xU
rKjhaj;jpw;F KJnfYk;GNghyf; fUjg;gLtJ gzg;Gof;fk;. Mdhy; Mfg;NghFk;
nrytPdq;fSf;Fg; gzj;ijf; Fwpj;J rpwpjsNtDk; fyq;fhky; Njtd; fhz;gpj;j
gzpapy; tpRthrj;jpdhy; njhlHe;J ntw;wpeil Nghl;L te;;jhH [pahH[; Ky;yH.
,t;tpRthr tPud; 'tpRthr mg;Ngh];jyd;" vd;w rpwg;Gg; ngaH ngw;whH.
[pahh;[;
Ky;yH jd; rpWtajpy; kpfTk; Jd;khHf;f topapy; tho;e;jh;. ,tUf;Fg;
gjpide;J tajhapUf;Fk;NghJ> ,tuJ je;ij ,tiug; gy;fiyf; fof Ma;j;j
tFg;Gf;F mDg;gpitj;jhH. mtH xU Yhj;jud; FUthf Ntz;Lnkd;gJ je;ijahhpd;
tpUg;gk;. fh;j;jUf;F Copak; nra;aNtz;Lk; vd;gjdhy; cz;lhd Mty; my;y mJ.
trjpahf thol;Lk; vd;gjdhy; nfhd;l tpUg;gk;. mdhy; Ky;yNuh gy ehty;fisg;
gbg;gjpYk;> jPa gof;fq;fisf; iff;nfhs;tjpYk; fhyq;fopj;jhH. Ky;yUf;F
gjpdhd;F taJ ,Uf;Fk; NghJ mtuJ jhahh; kuzkile;jhH. ,e;j epfo;r;rp$l
mtuJ tho;tpy; ve;jtpj khw;wj;ijAk; Vw;gLj;jtpy;iy.
xUehs; xU
tpLjpapy; Vkhw;wpa Fw;wj;jpw;fhf Ky;yh; ifJ nra;ag;gl;L
rpiwapyilf;fg;gl;lhH. mq;F ,Ue;j 24 ehs;fspy; nghOijg; Nghf;Ftjw;fhf
Ntjhfkj;ij Nfl;L thq;fpg;gbj;jh;. gpwF je;ijapd; Kaw;rpahy;
tpLjiyaile;jhh;. jkJ ,Ugjhk; tajpy;> jdJ je;ijapd;
tpUg;gj;jpw;fpdq;f> ,iwapay; gapYk;gb Vy; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy;
NrHe;jhH. mq;Fk; jd; jPa tho;f;ifia tpltpy;iy. ,g;gb ,Uf;ifapy;
mf;fy;Yhhpapy; 'ngl;lh vd;w ed;gH mtUf;F mwpKfkhdhH. mtd; cj;jk
fpwp];jtdhf tho Kad;W nfhz;bUe;jtd;. 1825-Mk; Mz;L etk;gH jpq;fs;
rdpf;fpsik khiy mtUk;> ngl;lhTk; tay; topahf ele;J jpUk;Gifapy;
Ky;yiu xU n[gf;$l;lj;jpy; fye;J nfhs;Sk;gb ngl;lh mioj;jhd;. ngl;lh
mbf;fb mj;jifia $l;lq;fSf;Fr; nry;tJ tof;fk;.
,ijf;
Nfl;lTld; jd; tho;f;ifapy; jhd; ehba vijNah milag;NghFk; czHTld; mq;F
tUtjw;F rk;kjpj;jhH;. mJ xU fpwp];jt tzpfuhd jpU.ntf;dH vd;gtuJ ,y;yk;
mq;F Koq;fhYhd;wp n[gpj;jJ Ky;yhpd; tho;tpy; mopahky; gjpe;j Kjy;
mDgtkhfptpl;lJ. mt;tPl;Lj; jiytH ntf;dH n[gpf;f Muk;gpj;jh;: Ky;yH
fw;wtH> ntf;dNuh fy;tpawptw;w rhjhud tpahghh. mtuJ ty;yikAk;>
cUf;fKk; kiljpwe;jJ Nghd;w n[gKk; [pahH[; cs;sj;ij mirj;J tpl;lJ.
mq;Fjhd; Kjy; kjyhf n[gpf;ff; fw;Wf;nfhz;lhH mtH. me;j ,lj;jpy; jhNd xU
nghpa nja;t rkhjhdk; mtH cs;sj;ij epug;gpaJ. md;W ,uT gLf;iff;F
nry;YKd; NjtDf;F Kd;ghfj; jhdha; mtH Koq;fhy;fs; Klq;fpd. mg;NghJ
mtUf;F taJ ,UgJ.
mtH tho;f;if
xU ngUk; khw;wj;ijf;fz;lJ. Ntjj;ij fUj;Jhd;wp thrpf;fTk;>
n[gpf;fTk;> jtwhky; Myak; nry;yTk; Muk;gpj;jh;. gpwF mtH ew;nra;jp
gug;Gtjpy; mjpf MHtk; nfhz;L> kp\ndwpr; nra;jpfis mjpfkha;
gpurq;fpf;fTk;> jhDk; xU kp\ndwpahf Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; jPh;khdpj;jhH.
jkJ
Mtpf;Fhpa epiyia caHj;Jtjw;fhf gy n[gf;$l;lq;fspYk;> rigfspYk; fye;J
nfhz;lhH. gy ,lq;fSf;Fr; nrd;W gpurq;fKk; nra;jhH. kp\ndwpahf Ntz;Lk;
vd;w Mty; mtUf;Fs; ngUfpf; nfhz;Nl te;jJ.
Njtd; xU
jpl;lj;ij xU kdpjd;%yk; epiwNtw;w rpj;jk; nfhs;thuhapd;>
mj;jpl;lj;ij mk;kdpjdpd; %ykhfj;jhd; epiwNtw;WthH. mk;kdpjdpd;
tpUg;G> ntWg;igg; nghWj;jjy;y> tYf;fl;lhakhf> mtidf; nfhz;Nl
epiwNtw;WthH. Ky;yUk; jd;id kp\ndwpg; gzpapy; <LgLj;jpf;nfhs;s
gytifg;gl;l Copaq;fspy; Kaw;rp nra;jhH.
[hh;[;
Ky;yUf;F 22tajhapUf;Fk;nghJ> Gfhnu];by; ,Ue;j xU tajhd kp\ndwpf;F
cjtpahfg; NghfNtz;Lnkd jPh;khdkhdJ. vjpHghuhj tpjkhf je;ijahuJ mDkjpAk;
fpl;baJ. mg;nghOJ JUf;fpf;Fk; ,u\;rpahTf;Fk; NghH Muk;gpf;fNt mk;Kaw;rp
jilg;gl;lJ. gpd;dH ,yd;ld; kp\ndhp rq;fj;jpd; %yk; A+jUf;Ff; fpwp];jt
kp\ndhpah mtiu mDg;g NeHKfj; Njh;tpw;fhf ,yd;lDf;F miog;G te;jJ.
Ky;yUk; ,yd;lid mile;jhH. Mdhy; Njr rl;lj;jpd;gb me;ehl;bd; Fbkfd;
xt;nthUtDk; gy;fiyf;fof NjHTf;Fg;gpd;> %d;whz;Lfs; ,uhDtj;jpy;
gzpahw;w Ntz;Lk;. ,jid Kbj;jhy;jhd; jd; nrhe;j ehl;iltpl;L
ntspehl;Lf;Fr; nry;yKbAk;. Mdhy; Ky;yH ,jidr; nra;atpy;iy. kp\ndhp
miog;Gf;F xg;Gf;nfhLj;j Ky;yH ,uhDtj;jpy; gzpahw;wTk; jahuhapy;iy.
mjdhy; ntspehL nry;y nra;ag;gl;l kD js;sg;gl;lJ.
,jw;fpilapy;
kw;nwhU Fwpg;gplj;jf;f epfo;r;rp [pahh;[pd; tho;tpy; ele;jJ. 1727,y;
fhykhd gpuhq; vd;gtH elj;jpte;j Xh; mdhij ,y;yj;jpy; ,iwapay; khztH
rpyH jq;fpapUe;jdH. Ky;yH ,e;j ,y;yk; KO tpRthrj;jhy; Mz;ltuhy;
mDjpdKk; Ngh\pf;fg;gLtijf; fz;L tpag;gpyho;e;jh;. ,J mtH gpw;fhyj;jpy;
nra;ag;NghFk; NjtdJ Nritf;F kpfTk; cjtpahapUe;jJ.
jhd;
Mz;ltUf;fhf vijNaDk; nra;aNtz;Lk; vdf;fUj> ,iwapay; khdtUf;F xU
n[gf;FO Muk;gpj;jhH. gpwF A+jUf;F jpUg;gzpahw;w gy ehs; fhj;jpUe;Jk;
gjpNy fpilf;fhky; A+j Foe;ijfSf;F Ntj ghl tFg;Gfis elj;j Muk;gpj;jhh;.
kdpj top elj;Jjypd;gb Copak; nra;tijtpl ghpRj;j Mtpahdtuhy; top
elj;jg;gLtNj Nky; vd;W czHe;j Ky;yH> fpwp];Jk]; fhyj;jpy; jk;
ed;gUld; jq;fpapUe;jNghJ> Cjpak; ,d;wp jhd; ciof;fj; jahH vd;W
kp\ndhp rq;fj;jpw;F vOjpdhH. tpRthrj;jpy; KOtJk; jd;id Maj;jg;gLj;jpf;
nfhz;lhh;. Mdhy; 1830-Mk; Mz;L ,Uige;ije;J taJ epuk;gpapUe;j
Ky;yUf;F> kp\ndhp rq;fj;jhH mtUf;F ve;j ,lj;jpYk;> ve;jg; gzpAk;
nfhLf;f ,ayhnjd njhptpj;J tpl;ldH. ,JTk; nja;tr; nraNy.
,e;er;
rkaj;jpy; Njt rpj;jjpd;gb Nkhp F&t;]; vd;gtiu kze;jh;. khj rk;gsk;
ngw;W xU rigapy; Nghjfua; ,Ug;gij tpUk;gtpy;iy. Copak; nra;J jhd;
Njtdhy; Ngh\pf;fg; gLtijNa tpUk;gpdhH. ,g;gbapUf;ifapy; Njtd; jhk;
Ky;yUf;nfd rpj;jk; nfhz;l Copag;ghijapy; elj;j tpUk;gpdhH. ,jw;F Kd;ghf
tpRthrj;jhy; vg;gb [Ptpf;f Ntz;Lnkd;gij Njtd; fw;Wf; nfhLj;jpUe;jhH.
Mf];L vr;.
gpuhq; vd;w Gfo;ngw;w mdijf;fhg;ghshpd; tho;f;iff; Fwpg;Gfisg;gbj;j
Ky;yH> fle;j 100 Mz;Lfshf ,uz;lhapuk;Ngh; vg;gb Mz;ltuhy;
Ngh\pf;fg;gl;ldH vd mwpe;JdHe;jhH. ,e;j czHT tPjpfspy; miye;J jphpe;j
mdhijfspd;kPJ mtUf;Fg; gw;Wz;lhf;fpw;W. fhiy vl;L kzpf;nfy;yhk; miyAk;
rpWtiu $l;br;NrHg;ghH. fhiy cztspj;J Ntjg; gFjpfisg; Nghjpg;ghH. rpy
ehs;fSf;Fs; Kg;gJ Kjy; ehw;gJ Nghfis Ngh\pf;Fk; nghWg;G Vw;gl;lJ.
mdhjaiu mutidf;Fk; khngUk; gzpf;fhd tpijia Ky;yUf;Fs; Njtd;
Cd;wptpl;lhHNghYk;. 1834 gpg;uthp 21-Mk; ehs; mtUf;F xU epWtdk; epWt
Ntz;Lnkd;w thQ;ir cUthdJ. mijj;njhlHe;J khHr; 5-Mk; ehs; 'cs;ehl;L
ntspehl;L Ntj mwpT epWtdk; xd;W cUthf;fpdhH(The Scriptural knowedge
Institution for Home and Abrod). ,e;j epWtdk; Muk;gpj;j %d;whk; ehs;
mtHfs; ifapypUe;j gzk; xU \py;ypq; kl;LNk. ,Ug;gpDk; Ky;yH> Njtid
mbj;jskhfTk> n[gj;ijMjhukhfTk;> tpRthrpfis nray; tpuHfshfTk;
nfhz;ljhy;> mJ tsHe;J kyHe;jJ.
tpRthrj;jpdhy;
VO khjq;fspy; 168 gTd;Lfs; Ftpe;jd. Mz;lthpd; jpUtUis Kd;itj;J Jtq;fpa
me;jg;gzp gjpdhW khjq;fshf kyHe;J gphp];lypy; gutyhfg Ngrg;gl;Lk;.
jptpukhf nray;glTk; Muk;gpj;jJ. Ky;yH XH mdhij tpLjp epWtNtz;Lnkd;W
tpUk;gp Mz;lthplk; Ntz;bdhH. mjd;gb 1835 etk;gH> 20-Mk; ehs; xu
rNfhjhpapd; tPl;by; ,t;tpLjpia JzpTld; Jtf;fpdhH. ,t;tpLjpiaj;
Jtq;fpaNghJ mthplk; mUe;jJ Njtdhy; jug;gl;l> 'cd; thiaa;
tphptha;j;jpw> ehd; mij epug;GNtd;" vd;w thf;Fj;jj;jNk. ,JNt mtH
tho;tpd; vf;fhyj;Jf;FKhpa mbg;gilf; Fwpf;Nfhshfptpl;lJ. mJjhd; guNyhf
tq;fpapd; fhNrhiyahf Ky;yUf;Fj; Njitg;gl;lnjy;yhk; cjtp mtiu
tpRthrj;jpy; cWjpg;gLj;jpaJ. 1836 Vg;guy; 1-k; ehs; rpWkpfSf;fhdNjhH
fhg;gfj;ij Muk;gpj;jhH. ,e;j fhg;gfq;fspd; NjitfSf;fhf vthplKk;>
ve;jg; gzKk; Nfl;fg;gltpy;iy.
MapDk; gy
rkaq;fspy; gzk; ,y;iy vd;Dk; epiy ,Uf;fj;jhd; nra;jJ. Mdhy; ,utpy; mtH
Koq;fhgbapLthuhapd; fhiy #hpad; cjpf;FKd; cjtp mtiuj; NjbtUk;. mtH jd;
thahNyNa $Wk; xU rpy Ntisfis ,g;NghJ ghHg;Nghk;.
'1838-Mk;
Mz;L [_d; khjj;jpy; ve;j cjtpAk; tuhky; jilg;gl;Lg; NghdJ. xU khiy
Neuk;> ',NaR fpwp];J New;Wk;> ,d;Wk;> vd;Wk; khwhjtH"(vgp
13:8) vd;w trdj;ijr; rpe;jpj;Jf;nfhz;L vd; G+e;Njhl;lj;jpy; ele;Njd;.
khwhjtH Njitfisr; re;jpg;ghH> kdNk eP Vd; fyq;Ffpwha; vd;W
thaptpl;Lf;$wp mikjyhNdd;! vd; cs;sj;jpy; kfpo;r;rp nghq;fpaJ. ,g;gv
ehd; vz;zp Kbj;j xU rpy epkplq;fSf;Fs; ,UgJ gTd;fSf;fhd xU ed;ndhil
te;J NrHe;jJ> mw;Gjkha;f; fHj;jh; Njitiar; re;jpj;jh;."
'nrg;lk;gh;
18-Mk; ehs; fhg;Gfj;jpy; xU nghUSk; ,y;iy. fhg;gfj;jpy; gad; glhkypUe;j
VjhtJ xU nghUis tpw;Wtplyhkh vd;W Nahrpj;J nja;t rpj;jj;ij ehbNdd;.
md;W khiyNa ,yd;lidr; NrHe;j Xh; mk;ikahH gy ehs;fSf;F Kd;dNu jd; kfs;
mDg;gpapUe;j gzj;ijAk;> xU nghl;lyj;ijAk; Njb te;J mspj;Jg; NghdhH.
me;jg;gzk; mk;ikahhplj;jpy; gy ehs;fshf ,Ue;jJ. Njtd; mij vdf;F vg;NghJ
mspf;f vz;ZthNuh md;Wjhd; fpilf;Fk;."
'1838
Mf];L> 8-Mk; ehs; ifapy; gzNkapy;iy. md;W xU GJ khztd; ,lk;
Nfl;L> MW Foe;ijfspd; kDf;fs; NtW te;J NrHe;jd. md;Nwh 98 Ngh;
fhg;gfj;jpy; ,Ue;jdH. vd;d nra;Ntd;? Koq;fhis Klf;fpNdd;.
n[gj;jpypUf;Fk;NghNj ahNuh xU fhNrhiy (Cheque) mDg;gp ,Ue;jdH. mjpy; VO
gTd;]; vd Fwpg;gpl;bUe;jJ."
'vq;fSf;Fj;
Njitg;gLk; xt;nthU gzKk; Njtdpd; fuj;jpypUe;J fpilj;jJ. xUehs; ,uT czT
thq;f NkYk; xU ngd;dp Njitg;gl;lJ. me;j xU ngd;dp vg;gbf; fpilf;Fk;? xU
ngd; jd; ngl;bia mLf;fg; nghUs;fis vLj;J itj;jNghJ xU ngd;dp cUz;Nlhb
te;jJ."
'1842
gpg;uthp> 15-Mk; ehs; ,f;fl;lhd ehshapUe;jJ. khiy czTf;F nuhl;b
,y;iy. ve;jf; fhg;gfj;jpYk; ,y;iy. nhpa Nrhjidjhd;. MapDk;> Vw;w
Neuj;jpy; rka rfhak; mUSk; fHj;jH vd;idf; iftplkhl;lh; vd;W ek;gp>
vd; NtW flikfis cw;rhfkha; nra;Njd;. md;W fHj;jH vq;fis elj;jpdhH.
khHr; 19,y; kpfTk; tWik jiytphpj;jhbaJ. %d;W ehs;fshf VO \py;ypq;Ffs;
kl;LNk te;jd! Ntnwq;FkpUe;J ve;jtpj cjtpAk; tUtjw;fhd ntspr;rk;
njd;gltpy;iy. me;j ehs; fhg;gf CopaHfspd; n[g ehshFk;. n[gj;jpNyNa
jhpj;jpUe;Njhk;. rhpahf gj;jiu kzp ,Uf;Fk;NghJ> %d;W jdpg;gl;l
egHfs; ,Ugj;NjhU \py;ypq;Ffis nfhz;L te;J mopj;jdH. njhlHe;J khiyAk;
n[gNeuKk; te;jJ. md;iwa cldbj;Njitf;F ,d;Dk; %d;W \py;ypq;Ffs;
NjitapUe;jd. khiy Muhjidf;F Kd;> Njitf;FNky; %d;W \py;ypq;Ffs;
mw;Gjkha; te;J NrHe;jd."
'1843,y;
[{d; khjk; te;jJ. kPz;Lk; ,y;yhik jpifg;Gj;jhd;. brk;gH tiu md;iwa Njit
md;wd;W re;jpf;fg;gl;lJ. jPik epiwe;j ,f;fhyj;jpy; ,e;jg; nghpa
nghWg;ig ehd; JdpTld; Vw;nwd;. Ehw;Wf;fzf;fhd mdhijfspd; grpahw;w ehd;
fHj;jiu kl;Lk; rhh;e;J mtuJ Mjuthy;> MrPHthjj;jhy; Ngh\pf;f ,aYk;!
fHj;jH ,d;Dk; cz;ik As;stuhapUf;fpwhH vd;W fhl;lNt>
,e;jf;fhg;gfq;fs; ,d;Wk; epiyepf;fpd;wd."
ek;Kila
Copaj;jpy; ,ilQ;ry; xd;W Vw;gLfpwnjd;why;> mij ed;ikahf Kbag;gz;z
Njtd; ty;yikAilatuhf ,Uf;fpwhH. 1845-Mk; Mz;L mf;NlhgH 31-Mk; ehs;
Ky;yUf;F xU fbjk; te;jJ. mtuJ fhg;Gfq;fisf; nfhz;bUe;j tpy;rd; tPjpapy;
thOk; xUtH> fhg;gfq;fshy; jq;fSf;Fr; rpy ,ilQ;ry;fSk;
trjpf;FiwTk;> $Lkhdhy; Ntwplj;jpy; mtw;iw khw;wpf; nfhs;sTnkd
vOjpapUe;jh;. grpj;jtapwpidg; grpahw;WtNj jpdk; jpdk; gpur;ridahf
,Ue;Jte;j Neuj;jpy; ,J Ky;yUf;Fg; Nghpbahf ,Ue;jNghjpYk; mtH
tpRthrj;jpy; ,k;kpasTk; nefpohky;> jd; Ner fHj;jhpd; ghjj;jpy;
jhpj;jpUe;jhH.
mjw;fLj;j
gjpide;J ehs;fs; mtUk;> JiztpahUk; Mz;lthpd; ghjj;jpy; ,jw;fha;
fhj;jpUe;jdH. ngUk; njhif Ntz;Lk;! nghpa ,lKk; Ntz;Lk;! brk;gH 9-Mk;
ehs;> 30ehs;fSf;Fg; gpwF 'cq;fs; Fiwitnay;yhk; mtH epiwthf;FthH
vd;wwpe;J nghWikNahL mJ epiwNtwf;fhj;jpUq;fs;" vd;w trdk;
thf;Fj;jj;jkha; nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ. mLj;j ehs; Mapuk; gTd;fs; ed;nfhilahf
te;jd. ,J fHj;jh; jd;idf; fl;llk; fl;Lk; fhhpaj;jpy; elj;JfpwhH vd;W
mtUf;F cWjpaspj;jJ.
epyk;
thq;fg;gl;lJ. fl;llNtiyAk; Muk;gkhfp> mw;Gjkha; Kbe;jJ. fdf;Fg;
ghHj;jNghJ 776 gTd;fs; kPjkpUe;jJ. Ky;yhpd; ,iltplhj n[gj;jpdhy;>
Nghuhl;lj;jpdhy; te;J Ftpe;j gzk;> nghpa tpag;ghaike;jJ.
1851-Mk;
Mz;L [dthp 14-Mk; ehs; Gjpa fhg;gfq;fSf;fhf n[gpf;f Kide;jhH Ky;yH.
Ntjj;ij thrpj;jNghJ vgp 6:15 mtH fz;fspy; gspr;nrdg; gl;lJ. 'mtd;
nghWikNahL fhj;jpUe;J thf;Fj;jj;jk; gz;zg;gl;lijg; ngw;whd;." fHj;jH
thf;Fj;jj;jk; gz;zpdgbNa> mNj Mz;L etk;gH 12-Mk; ehs;> ,uz;lhk;
gpukhz;lkhd fhg;gfk; fl;b Kbf;fg;gl;lJ. mjpy; kPjhd njhif
2>392gTd;fs;. 1862-Mk; Mz;L khHr; khjk; 12-Mk; ehs; %d;whk; ,y;yk;
cUthdJ. mJ Kbe;j gpd; kpjkpUe;j ifapUg;Gj; njhif 10>309 gTd;fshFk;.
Ky;yH
ehd;fhk; fhg;gfj;ij fl;l KbntLj;jhH. ntWk; fhg;gfkhf my;y> Nfhilapy;
njhopw; gapw;rp mspf;Fk; epiyakhfTk; Mf;f tpUk;gpdhH. Mdhy; mg;gbg;gl;l
fhg;gfk; Ntz;Lkhdhy; Fiwe;jJ 50>000gTd;fs; Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; XH Mz;L
nkhj;j nryT 1>75>000 gTd;fs; Ntz;Lk;. mjw;fhf tpRthrpj;J n[gpf;f
Muk;gpj;jhH. XU khjk; fopj;J 2000gTd;fs; te;j NrHe;jd. mLj;J>
[dthpapy; 20>000gTd;fSk;> mf;Nlhghpy; KiwNa 50>000
gTd;fSk;> 27>000 gTd;fSk; te;J NrHe;jd. 1868 etk;gH 5,y; ehd;fk;
fhg;gfKk; 1870,y; Ie;jhk; fhg;gfKk; fl;b Kbf;fg;gl;L mdhijfs; Vw;Wf;
nfhs;sg;gl;ldH.
',e;j Ie;J
fhg;gfq;fSf;Fk; jpdr;nryit fh;j;jNu je;J cjTthH. tUk; Mz;Lfspy; nryT
$bf;nfhz;Nl NghFk;. Mdhy; Njtd; Njtd; if tplNt khl;lhH. 1838,y;
Muk;gpj;j ,j;jpUg;gzp 1849,y; Vwf;Fiwa gj;J Mz;Lfspy; jpdk; jpdk;
mtuhy; mUsg;gl;l ngjifahy; ele;jJ te;jJ! Ntisf;F Ntis cztspj;J mtH
Ngh\pj;J te;jhH." vd;fpwhH [pahH[; Ky;yH.
NkYk; 'kpfr;
nry;te;juhd vq;fs; nghUshuhd Njtd; vq;fis elj;jpte;jh;. Mz;LfSf;F
44>000 gTd;fSk; mtH jilapd;wp je;J te;jhH. 2>100 NgHfs; ngWk;
czTf;fhf khj;jpuky;y> vy;yhj; NjitfSf;Fk; vq;fisNa Nehf;fpapUe;jdH.
189 kp\ndhpfSf;F cjtpg;gzk; mDg;g Ntz;Lk;. 100 gs;spfs;> 9000
gbg;gtHfs;> 4kpy;ypad; ifg;gpujpfs;> Mapuf;fzf;fhz RtpNr\g;
gq;Ffs; mDg;gg;gl Ntz;Lk;> vy;yhk; ele;jd vd;W $WfpwhH Ky;yH.
Ky;yhpd;
gpujhd Nehf;fk; fh;jhpd; ehkk; kfpikg;glNtz;Lk;. nja;tpf Mrphpauhd
ghpRj;j Mtpahdtuhy; jpdk; jpdk; elj;jg;glNtz;Lk;> tpRthrj;jpYk;
n[gj;jpYk; khngUk; fhhpaq;fisr; rhjpf;fNtz;Lk;> Jd;gk; Jauj;ij
Jr;rkhf kjpf;fNtz;Lk;! gjpyspf;fg;gLk; xt;nthU n[gKk; tpRthrj;jpd;
ntFkjpahFk;> rHtty;ythpd; Xq;fpa Gaj;ijr; rhHe;J Jd;gq;fis Vw;gJ
ntw;wpf;Nfad;wp Njhy;tpf;F my;y vd;gNj.
xt;nthU
Mz;Lk; fHj;jH mw;Gjtpjkhf elj;jpf; nfhz;NlapUe;jh;. ed;nfhil mtUf;Fg;
gzkhf kl;Lky;y> nuhl;bfshfTk; fhydpfyhfTk;> goq;fsgfTk; te;J
NrHe;jd. mdhijaH fhg;gfj;ij mtH Muk;gpf;Fk; NghJ mtH Kjd; Kjy; ngw;wJ
xU kp\ndhp mDg;gpa xU \py;ypq;F MFk;. md;W njhl;L Ky;yH filrpahf Fwpj;j
Fwpg;gpy;> 'vj;jidNah Ngh;> vj;jidNah vz;zpg;ghHf;f Kbahj tifapy;
thhp thhp toq;fpdH" vd vOjpAs;shH. rpyH jk; nrhj;Jf;fisAk; Ky;yhpd;
mdhijaH fhg;gfq;fSf;F vOjpitj;jdH. ,g;gbahf gy tUlq;fs; Njtd; Ky;yhpd;
,y;yq;fisg; Ngh\pj;jhH.
gpd;tUk;
Ky;yhpd; rhl;rp: 'filrpahf ehd; ,g;gzp gw;wp ed;wpAld; nrhy;y Ntz;bait
cz;L! fle;j 61 Mz;Lfspy; ngw;w ghpG+uz MrPHthjj;ijr; nrhy;ypKbahJ!
fle;j 31 Mz;Lfs; kl;Lk; 2>813 mdhijaH tpRthrpfshf vkJ fhg;gfq;fis
tpl;L nrd;wdH. Ehw;Wf;fzf;fhztH Mz;ltiug;gw;wpa mwptpy;
elj;jg;gl;ldH> Ie;J ,y;yq;fspy; 609 mdhijaiuf; fz;fhzpj;j
NkyhyHfs;> fz;fhzpg;ghsHfs;> MrphpaHfs; MfpNahH jhk; kWgpwg;gpd;
mDgtj;jpy; te;jjhf cWjpahf; $wpdH. ,e;jg;gFjpia thrpf;Fk; cs;sq;fSf;F
xU tpdh vOk;Gk;. ,j;jid NgH Mz;lthpd; gps;isfshy; tho;Tk;> tsKk;
ngw;wdNu jtpu mtHfs; vy;yhUk; Mz;ltiu Vw;Wk;> ngw;Wk; tho;e;jduh?
,y;iyah? cz;ikjhd;! 50>60 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dhy; ahUkw;wtuha; vkJ
fhg;gfq;fsps; fhy; itj;jtHfs; Mz;ltiu mwpf;fi nra;Ak; md;gHfsha;
20>30>40> Mz;Lfs; jq;fs; tho;T KbAkl;Lk; tho;e;jdH.
58 taJ
epuk;gpa xUtH cj;jk tpRthrpaha; ,d;Dk; tho;fpwhH" vd;W vOjpdhH>
Ky;yH. ,t;tpRthr tPud; jdJ 93-Mk; tajpy;> 1898-Mk; Mz;L 10-Mk; ehs;
jd; G+Nyhf Xl;lj;ij ntw;wpAld; Kbj;jh;.
